Mizo Ṭawng Zirna

Zawnawlna, Ṭawng

Mizo Hawrawp

Mizo Hawrawp 25 a awm:

(A hringte hi vowels an ni a, a dang zawng hi consonants an ni)

Hawrawp Pui

  A       AW       B        CH        D

  E          F         G        NG        H

   I           J          K         L         M

  N         O          P          R          S

  T          Ṭ         U         V         Z

Hawrawp Té

  a         aw         b         ch         d

  e           f          g         ng         h

   i           j           k           l          m

  n          o          p           r           s

   t           ṭ           u          v          z

AW leh NG te hi hawrawp té-a kan chhunzawm dawn chuan Aw/Ng tiin kan ziak ṭhin:

Awmpawng, Awmkhua, Aw Lalpa, Awithangpa, tih ang te;

Ngaih, Ngopa, Ngai chung zelin, tih ang tein.

Hawrawp pui hmanna chu hmun dangah kan la ziak dawn nia.

Vowels

Mizo hawrawpah vowel 6 a awm:

a      aw      e      i       o      u

Vowel Inkawp

                          ai            au

                          awi

                          ei            eu

ia                       ii             iu

                          iai           iau

ua                      ui

                          uai          uau

Vowel Rik Dan Zirtîrna Tur (chhiarpui tur)

a      aw      e      i       o      u

                          ai            au

                          awi

ba    baw    be    bi     bo    bu

cha  chaw  che  chi   cho  chu

da    daw    de    di    do   du

                          ei            eu

fa    faw    fe    fi     fo    fu

ga    gaw    ge    gi     go    gu

nga  ngaw  nge  ngi   ngo  ngu

ha    haw    he    hi     ho    hu

ia                       ii             iu

ja     jaw     je     ji      jo     ju

ka    kaw    ke    ki     ko    ku

la     law     le     li      lo     lu

ma   maw   me   mi    mo   mu

na    naw    ne    ni     no    nu

pa    paw    pe    pi     po    pu

ra     raw     re     ri     ro    ru

sa    saw    se    si     so    su

ta     taw     te     ti     to    tu

ṭa     ṭaw     ṭe     ṭi     ṭo    ṭu

ua                      ui           

va    vaw    ve    vi     vo    vu

za    zaw    ze    zi     zo    zu

Consonants

Mizo hawrawpah consonant 19 a awm:

b    ch  d    f     g    ng

h    j     k    l     m   n

p    r     s     t     ṭ     v

z

Bul Ṭanna Consonant-te

Bul Ṭanna Consonant mal 19 a awm

b, ch, d, f, g, ng, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, ṭ, v, z

(Entirna chu a tam lutuk dawn avãngin kan ziak lang lo mai ang.)

Bul Ṭanna Consonant inkawp 12 a awm

(ch, ng, k, p, t, ṭ) + h

chh~ : chhak, chhawl, chhel, chhing, chho, chhuk.

ngh~ : nghalim, nghawr, nghei, nghing, ngho, tháng nghur.

kh~   : kha, khaw, khel, khi, kho, khu.

ph~   : pha, phaw, phe, phi, pho, phu.

th~    : tha, thei, thi, tho, thu.

ṭh~    : ṭha, ṭhawng, ṭhei, ṭhi, ṭhoh, ṭhu.

h + (l, m, n, r)

hl~    : hla, hlawi, hle, hli, hlo, hlu.

hm~  : hma, hmawr, hmel, hming, hmu.

hn~   : hna, hnawt, hne, hnim, hnu.

hr~    : hram, hraw, hre, hri, hrohrang, hru.

(t, th) + l

tl~     : tlan, tlaw, tle, tling, tlo, tlu.

thl~   : thla, thlawi, thle, thli, thlo, thlu.

Tawpna Consonant

Tawpna Consonant mal 9 a awm.

ng, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, t

(Entirna chu a tam lutuk dawn avãngin kan ziak lang lo mai ang.)

Tawpna Consonant inkawp 2 a awm.

(l, r) + h

~lh    : alh, awlh, elh, nghilh, ṭhulh.

~rh    : arh, awrh, perh, irh, urh.

Hawrawp Siam Chhan

(1)     Ri hran

(2)     Kawh hran (hnam dang tan)

 

(1)     Ri hran:

Ri inang lo chhinchhiahna atân hawrawp hi siam a ni ber a.

Entirna:

      Jerusalem tih leh Zerusalem tih hi a rik dan a inang lo a, Sap-hovin J an lam rik dan anga lam ri vẽ thiam lote chùan Jerusalem hi Zerusalem tih angin an lam ri fo ṭhin.

(2)     Kawh hran:

Thil hming rik dan thuhmun, a kawh hrang si thliar hran theih nan, letter hran si a rik dan inang si pawh hman a ni fo ṭhin bawk.  Mizo chùan, rik dan thuhmun si, a kawh hran daih neiho tan hian hawrawp hran kan nei vẽ lem lo va, hnam dang ṭhenkhat chùan an nei thung.

      Entirna:

      night tih leh knight

      no tih leh know

A Rik Dan Zirtîrna Tur (chhiarpui tur)

Vowel+Consonant

Tawpna: ng, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, t

ang  awng  eng  ing   -      ung

ah    awh    -      awi  -      -

ai     awi     ei     ii      -      ui

ak    awk    ek    ik     -      uk

al     awl     el     il      -      ul

am   awm   em   im    -      um

an    awn    en    in     -      un

ap    awp    ep    ip     -      up

ar     awr     er     ir     -      ur

at     awt     et     it     -      ut

Hawrawp Pathum Awmna Thumal

Tawpna: ng, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, t

bang    bawng   beng   bing           bung

bah      bawh     beh     bih    boh   buh

bak      bawk     bek     bik             buk

bal       bawl      bel      bil              bul

bam     bawm    bem    bim   bom  bum

ban      bawn     ben     bin             bun

bap      bawp     bep     bip             bup

bar       bawr      ber      bir              bur

bat       bawt      bet      bit              but

chang   chawng cheng ching         chung

chah     chawh   cheh   chih           chuh

chak     chawk   chek   chik           chuk

chal      chawl    chel    chil            chul

cham    chawm  chem  chim          chum

chan     chawn   chen   chin           chun

chap     chawp   chep   chip           chup

char     chawr    cher    chir            chur

chat     chawt    chet    chit            chut

dang    dawng   deng   ding           dung

dah      dawh     deh     dih             duh

dak      dawk     dek     dik             duk

dal       dawl      del      dil              dul

dam     dawm    dem    dim            dum

dan      dawn     den     din             dun

dap      dawp     dep     dip             dup

dar       dawr     der     dir              dur

dat       dawt     det     dit              dut

… … … … …

ng

h,

k,

l,

m,

n,

p,

r,

t

… … … … …

G leh J

Mizo ṭawngah hian g leh j hmanna kan nei lo va. Sap ṭawnga g ri leh j ri hman ṭulna a lo awm huna hman vẽ theih tũra telh vẽ chauh a ni.

Sap te pawh hian, G rik dan hi a changin J rik dana an tihrik ṭhin avãngin, a rik dan tũra Mizo hawrawpa kan ziah dâwn chûan, g leh j an hmanna ṭhenkhat hi chu hetianga ziah thleng tũr hi a ni ang (entirna atan, tlema zawng chauh lo tar lang ila):

Sap                  Mizo

grape               grèip    (g rikin a ri tur a ni)

germ                jàm    (j rikin a ri tur a ni)

Gerasin            Jerasin    (j rikin a ri tur a ni)

Gennesaret      Genesaret    (g rikin a ri tur a ni)

Nigeria            Naijiria    (j rikin a ri tur a ni)

Lo duhtawk rih phawt ila, Mizo Ṭawng Thlùk chungchang leh ziah tel theih dan te pawh la dah leh tum a ni.

Sabbath Aia Sunday Serhna Chhan Dik Lote

Zawnawlna, Sakhuana

 Mihring sawi aiin Pathian sawi kan zawm zawk tur a ni.

1. "a thawhlehna ni hi ... ngaihpawimawh loh rual a ni lo" tih hi mahni ngaihdan mai a ni. A thawhlehna "nî" ngai pawimawh tura tihna Bible-ah a awm chhete lo. Lo ngai pawimawh ta pawh ni se, Sabbath aia Sunday thlakna tlak a ni lo hrim hrim. A thawhlehna ni hi Isua leh Tirhkohten ngai pawimawh chu ni se, vawi tam tak an sawi ngei ang.

2. A ni khatnaah (ni sarih ni hmasa berah) chuan Pathianin eng a siam a. A ni sarih ni (Sabbath ni) chuan a chawl a, mal a sawm a, a tithianghlim. Isua leh a zirtirte pawh Sabbath ni-ah an chawl ṭhin a, biak inah an inkhawm ṭhin. Isua thawhlehna ni a nih avanga serh tur a nihna pakhat mah Bible-ah hmuh tur a awm lo. "Ni ruk chhungin i thawk tur a ni" tih a ni a, Sunday-ah pawh hna thawk turin Pathianin min duh a ni.

3. "Ni 7 ni hmasa ber hi ... "Lalpa Ni" tia sawi thin a ni" tih hi dawt mu hlum a ni. Bible khawi laiah mah ni 7 ni hmasa ber hi Lalpa ni tia sawina a awm lo. Lalpa ni a tih thin chu Sabbath ni hi a ni zawk. Johanan Lalpa ni a tih pawh hi Sabbath zawk kha a ni. Mi tam takin Sunday emaw an ti ṭhin.

4. Eng ni-ah pawh Isua chu a inlar thei a. A inlar hmasak berna ni a nih vang ringawtin serh tur tihna a ni lo. Ṭanchhan tlak a ni lo.

5. Pathianin a Thlarau Thianghlim a leih hi, eng ni-ah pawh a leih thei alawm. A duh chuan Thawhleh ni-ah pawh a leih ang a, a duh chuan Nilai ni-ah pawh a leih ang. A leih ni a nih vanga Serh tur a tihna nia ngaih ngawt chu a atthlak viau ang. Thlarau Thianghlim chu a hlu a, a "nî" erawh a hlutna a awm hran lo. Mahni ngaihdan mai mai a ni. A "ni serh chak" thlak khawp mai.

6. "Kohhran ding tirte pawh khan ... an serh nghal ṭhin a" tih pawh hi inbumna mai mai a ni. Sabbath ni-ah an inkhawm a, an chawl ziah zawk a. Sabbath ni kher lovah pawh an awm khawm let let fo a, inkhawm pangngai deuh te pawh an ko ve thei tho va. Mi pawimawh bik "Paula" a zin chhuah dawn avang phei chuan zan thlengin an inkhawm mai a ni. A tuk, Sunday niin Paula te chu an zin chhuak vang vang zawk a ni. Sunday an serh lohzia lanna zawk a ni. Mi retheite hnena thilpek tur chu Chawlhni (Sabbath) em a lak khawm chu ṭhain a hre lo va, Sunday ni-ah a lak khawmtir zawk a ni. Sabbath a ngaih pawimawhzia leh Sunday a ngaih pawimawh lohzia lanna a ni zawk.

7. Isua leh a zirtirten lei hringnun an hman tawh loh hnu, Bible "thuthlung thar" kan tih mai pawh an ziah zawh vek tawh hnuah Setanan a bumna hna a rawn thawk ṭan a, ringtuten a thawhlehna ni an lo ngai pawimawh chho deuh deuh ṭan a ni. Isua leh a zirtirten Sabbath an lo serh a, an inkhawm ziah thin kha Sunday ni-a a thlak theih nan Setana chuan chi a rawn tuh ṭan a ni. Bible atan pawha pawm tlak ni hlei lo, tu tu emawte ziak an rawn lawr khawm a, chungte chu Pathian thu thlak thleng nan a hman tlak loh lutuk.

8. "thlahtute zawh tawh loh nghawngkawl ... Pathian fin hnial kalhna" a tih hi Sabbath-ah an puh ringawt a, a dik lo chhiava a ni. Serhtan chungchang sawina zawk a ni a, Tirhkohte 15 kha a bung tir aṭang khan chhiar la, i hre fiah kuarh mai ang.

9. "thil lo thleng turte hlim a ni" tih hi - Sabbath a sawina a ni lo. Sabbath hi hlimthla rawngbawlna zingah khan a tel lo hrim hrim. Inthawina te, chhang dah te, kut ni chi hrang hrangte kha hlimthla an ni zawk. Galatia 5:4-a "Nangni Dana thiam chan tumte u" a tih te kha chu serhtan a pawimawh titute a sawiselna a ni a, Sabbath-a keuh ve ngawt chi a ni lo. Bible duh lai lai hi Sabbath sawinaa puh ve ngawt chi a ni lo. Galatia 5:1 aṭang khan chhiar thla la, Sabbath a sawina a ni lo va, serhtan chungchang a sawina zawk a ni tih i hre chiang hle ang. Sabbath sawi bo an tum lutukna lamah Bible thute hi an duh lai lai la chhuakin an duh duhnaah an bel vel mai mai a ni. "Lal Isua zawk entu tan chuan Lalpa Ni/Pathianni hi serh loh rual a ni love" te an han ti ngawt a! "Lalpa Ni" a tih chu "Sunday" ni lovin "Sabbath" zawk hi a ni tih an hai tawh hle a ni. Sunday ni hi "Pathianni" tia lo sawi ṭantute hian "The Lord's Day" a tih hi Sunday emaw an lo tih vangin Sunday ni hi "Pathianni" an lo ti ve ngawt mai a, an hriat loh vang a ni. "The Lord's Day" a tih chu Sunday ni lovin Sabbath zawk a ni.

10. Isua Krista thihna hneha "a thawhlehna" chu a ropui a, a "nî" erawh chuan ropuina a nei hran lo. Zirtirte a pawl ṭanna ni a nih vangin Sunday hi a ropui ringawt bawk lo. Thlarau Thianghlim lo thlenna ni a nih vang ringawt pawhin Sunday "nî" apiang hi a ropui phah hran lo. Isua leh a zirtirte leh Kristianten Lalpa pawl nana an lo hman ni chu Sabbath ni ngei hi a ni zawk. Kohhran kal zelah Setanan Pathian a dona atan Sunday hi a rawn vawrh lar ta zawk mai a ni.

"Pathian Chungnungbera kalhin thu a sawi ang a, hunte leh dante a tidanglam ang" a tih kha - Pathian dan zinga a palina Sabbath aia Sunday-a a thlakna ngei hi a ni.

"Zawh loh nghawngkawl" a tih pawh "Sabbath" ni lovin "Serhtan" a sawina a ni tih pawh kan lo hre chiang ta bawk a. Isua leh a zirtirten Sabbath hi an la sawi nep chhin eih ngai lo va, "Pathian mite tan chuan chawlhnia (Sabbath-a) chawlhna a la awm ta fo" an ti zawk a ni (Hebrai 4:9).


Isua leh a zirtirte kha tunlai hian kan zingah lo awmin, kan awm dan hi rawn hmu ta thut ni se, Sabbath serh lova Sunday kan lo serh ta daih an hmuh chuan, mak an tiin, an ngaihdan a ni lo viau ang le. "Bumin in lo va awm nasa em em ve le!" an tih ngei a rinawm. Zanriah hnuhnung an kil ang kan kil changa ke kan insilsak ve ta hauh lo te, chaw ei anga chhang an ei ṭhin chu a them te tak te te chauh kan han ei ta mai te hi rawn hmu ta thut se, an bing deuh mum mumin a rinawm. "Zirtirna maksak tak takte hi engtin nge in lo pawm theih mai chu le?!" an tih ngei a rinawm.

Thil awlsam te pawh thil harsaa ngaitu tan chuan a harsa vek mai awm e. Isua leh a zirtirte tih dan tam tak kha kan tana thil harsaa ngai tlat lova tih ve theih reng thil tam tak a awm a ni. Zirtirna danglam tam takin min chiah hneh tawh em avangin kan danglam ta mai mai a ni.

"Kristian" tih hian "Krista hniakhnung zuitu" tih a kawk a. Isua Krista hnung zuitu i nih chuan Sabbath i serh ngei tur a ni. Isua khan Sabbath a serh a, Kristian hmasa zawng zawngte pawh kha Sabbath ni-ah an chawl a, an inkhawm ṭhin. Ni dangah chuan inkhawm chang nei ve mah se, an serh thu a lang lo. Isua Krista hnung zuitu (Kristian) kan nih dawn chuan, a awm dan anga kan awm a, a ni serh ang kan serh ve ngei a ngai dawn lawm ni unau!!!

Van Boruak Zauzia

Zawnawlna, Lei leh Van

KHAWVEL

 

Khawvel Len lam: Hetia han thlir mai chuan, khawvel hi a parh duai a, a phek emaw tih tur a ni a. Nimahsela, khawvel hi a phek lova, a mum zawk a, mum pial lovin, Serthlum pian deuh hian a awm a ni.

Thil mum lenzawng an teh dawn chuan, a laia hawlh tlang thui lam emaw, a pum vet len lam emawin an teh ṭhin a. Chutiang chuan khawvel len lam pawh hi teh a ni a.

Chhim tawp leh Hmar tawp hawlh tlang (Polar diameter) sei lam chu Km 12,714 a ni a,

Chhak leh thlang zawnga hawlh tlang (Equitorial diameter) sei lam chu Km 12,756 a ni.

Chhim leh hmar zawnga khawvel pum vet len lam (Polar Circumference) chu

Km sing 4 leh 89 a ni a,

Chhak leh thlang zawnga khawvel pum vet len lam (Equitorial Circumference) chu

Km sing 4 leh 75 (40,075 km) a ni.

Khawvel hi hel chhuah tum ta la, darkar khata Km 5 thleng hman khawpa chakin kal reng thei ta la, chhun lamah darkar 12 kalin zan lamah chawl ṭhin ta la, hapta khatah ni khat zel chawl ṭhin ta bawk la, i helna kawng pawh chu ngil leh mam ṭha parh ni ta sela, khawvel vawi khat hel chhuak turin kum 2 leh chawlhkar 7 chuang zet i thang a ngai dawn a ni.

Khawvel zau lam: Khawvel pumpui, a pawnlang zau lam chu square kilometer maktaduai 510 chuang a ni a.

Khawvel rih lam: Khawvel rih lam chu, ton tluklehdingawn 59,720 vel a ni. A leilung rih lam chawhrualin, cubic feet khatah, Kg 17 leh gram 200 anga rit a ni.

A vir chak lam: Khawvel hi darkar 23 leh minute 56 leh second 4.09054-ah vawi khat a vir chhuak ziah ṭhin a. Chhim tawp leh hmar tawp inkar lai tak, Equator-ah hian, darkar khata Km 1,680 tluka chakin a vir a ni.

Ni a hel chak lam: Khawvel hian ni hi kum tinin vawi khat a hel chhuak ziah ṭhin a, a helna kawngah hian darkar khatah Km nuai 1 leh sang 6 chuanga chakin a thlawk fur fur mai a ni. Ri kal chak lam let 85 chuangin a thlawk tihna a nih chu.

Ni 365 leh darkar 5 leh minute 48 leh second 45.51-ah vawi khat chiah ni a hel chhuak ṭhin a ni.

Khawvela Tui leh vur tam lam:

Tuifinriat zau lam:  Tuifinriat zau lam chu sq. km maktaduai 360 a ni a, chu chu khawvel pumpui zau lam zaa 71 a ni.

Tuipui thuk lam:  Tuifinriat aia zau leh thuk zawk chu Tuipui a ni a.  Tuipui zawng zawng thuk lam chu chawhrualin meter 3,700 a ni.

Tuipui:  Tuipui tam lam chu, cubic kilometer maktaduai 1,300 a ni.

Vur:  Khawvel chhim tawp leh hmar tawpah hian vur a tam em em mai a, chung vur tam lam chu, cubic kilometer nuai 35 lai a ni.

Dil: Dil lian tak taktea tui tam lam chu, cubic kilometer nuai 2 leh sing 5 vel a ni a.

Lei chhung dil:  Lei chhungah pawh hian dil a lo awm teuh mai a.  Chung dila tui awm tam lam chu, cubic kilometer nuai 2 leh sing 5 vel a ni a.

Lui leh luipui:  Lui leh luipui tea tui tam lam chu, cubic kilometer sing 5 vel a ni a.

Dum, Dil, Tuikhur:  Dum te, dil te te, tuikhur leh tuihna put tea tui awm tam lam chu, cubic kilometer sang 6 vel a ni a.

Snow:  Sap-in snow an tih mai, vur tla ṭhin tam lam chu, cubic kilometer 250 vel a ni a.

Kum tina boruaka tuihu chho tam lam chu:

Tuifinriat leh tuipui aṭangin, cubic kilometer nuai 4 sing 4 leh sang 8 vel a chho va,

Khawmual aṭangin, cu. km sing 7 a chho bawk a.

A vaiin, kum tina boruaka tuihu chho hi, cu. km nuai 5 sing 1 leh sang 8 vel a ni a. 

Kum tina khawvela ruah leh vur lo tla tam lam chu:

Tuifinriat leh tuipuiah, cubic kilometer nuai 4 sing 1 leh sang 2 vel a sur a,

Khawmualah, cubic kilometer nuai 1 leh sang 6 vel a lo sur bawk a,

A vaiin, kum tina ruah leh vur lo tla hi, cu. km nuai 5 sing 1 leh sang 8 vel bawk a ni. 

Khawvel Pawn Boruak:  Khawvel pawn lam boruak hi a hlawm lian deuhvin chi 5-in an then a:

1. Troposphere, kan chen velna aṭanga km 10 thlenga sang hi a ni.
2. Stratosphere, km 10 aṭanga 50 inkar vel hi a ni.
3. Mesosphere, km 50 aṭanga 100 inkar vel hi a ni a. He boruakah hian Ozone an tih boruak chi khat pawh a tel a. Ozone chu, ni aṭanga lo kal Ultraviolet radiation lo hip botu a ni.
4. Thermosphere, km 100 aṭanga 500 inkar vel hi a ni.
5. Exosphere, km 500 vel chung lamah a awm a ni.

[source Ultimate Visual Dictionary]

 

THLA

 

Van boruaka thil mum lian ve tak, planet heltu hi thla a ni a.  Sap chuan satellite an ti a, moon te pawh an ti bawk a ni.  Kan ni heltu Planet zawng zawng hian thla an nei vek lem lo va, planet paruk chauhvin an nei a ni.  Planet ṭhenkhat chuan thla tam tak an nei a ni.

Kan khawvel thla hi han zir chiang deuh bik ta ila, a awlsam zawngin “Thla” tiin kan sawi mai ang.

Thla leh khawvel inhlat lam hi a ngai reng lo va.  A inhlat ber laiin, Km nuai 4 sang 6 leh 711 a ni a, chu chu 1912 kumah khan a ni a, a inhnaih lai berin Km nuai 3 sing 5 sang 6 leh 375 a ni a, 1984 kum khan a ni.  Km sing 5 chuang zen zawnin a hlat lam a insawn ve dawrh dawrh ṭhin tihna a nih chu.  Chawhrualin Thla hlat lam chu Km 384,403 a ni.

Thla len lam: Thla hi a laia hawlh tlangin Km 3,475.6 a ni.

A lum lam: Thla chungah hian, a lum berna hmunah celsius degree 132 a ni a, a vawh berna hmunah celsius degree -184 a ni.

Eng a kah let en lam: Thla hian eng a dawn zaa pasarih chauh khawvelah a kah let leh a ni.

Thla bial inkar rei lam: Thla bial aṭang thla bial leh thleng hi ni 29 leh darkar 12 leh minute 44 leh second 2.8 a ni.

A vir chak lam: Thla hi a vir ve tho va, vawi khat a vir chhuah leh khawvel vawi khat a hel chhuah hun chhung hi a inan chiah avangin, a pangkhing lehlam chauh hi kan hmu reng ṭhin a ni.  Vawi khat a vir chhuah nan chuan Ni 27 leh darkar 7 leh minute 43 leh second 11.5 a ni.

Thla Leilung

Khuar zau pui pui, a lai hawlh tlanga km 85 (mel 53) laia zau te a awm a.

Tycho khuar

He khuar, tlang pawng kualin a hual pup mai hi khawvel aṭang pawh a hmuh theih a. A bang sang pui mai chu km 4.5-a sang, a lai hawlhtlang km 85 (mel 53) laia zau a ni.

Thlaa Lawn

Thlaa lawn hmasa ber chu Neil Armstrong leh Edwin 'Buzz' Aldrin te an ni a, 1969 kumah Apollo 11 hmangin an lawn a ni. A hnuah chuan vawi 5 lai an lawn leh tawh a ni.

Thlaah hian khawvel angin boruak thianghlim hip tur a awm ve lo a, oxygen pai loh chuan thih a ni mai.

PLANET

Planet tih chu:  van boruaka thil mum lian tak, ni heltu a ni.  He khawvel pawh hi ni heltu planet pariat zinga pakhat a ni ve a ni.  Planet tam zawk chu kan khawvel aia lian lian te an ni a.  Kan khawvel hi, ni aṭanga a hlat lamah a pathumna a ni.

Planet pa 8 leh Dwarf planet 5 an awm a. Planet pa 8 chanchin lo tarlang phawt ila:

Hming	Hla (106 km)	Vet (km)	Rit (kv = 1)	Lian (kv = 1)	Hel (tehna)		Vir (tehna)		Thla	Pawn °C	Chhung °C
Mercury	57.90918	4878	0.06	0.06	87.969	days	58.6462	days	-	166.86
Venus	108.2089	12103.6	0.81	0.86	224.701	days	243.0187	days	-	456.85
Earth	149.6	12756	1	1	365.3	days	23.93	hours	1
Mars	227.9	6786	0.11	0.15	687	days	24.62	hours	2
Jupiter	778.3	142980	318	1323	11.86	years	9.93	hours	79
Saturn	1427	120540	95.2	752	29.46	years	10.66	hours	82
Uranus	2871	51120	14.5	64	84.01	years	17.24	hours	27
Neptune	4497	49530	17.1	54	164.8	years	16.11	hours	14

kv = khawvel

Pluto hi tun hma chuan planet pa 9-naah an dah ṭhin a, tunah erawh chuan Dwarf Planet-ah an dah tawh a ni.

Dwarf Planet-te

Planet pangngai pa 8 bakah planet té (Dwarf planet) pa 5 an awm a.

Dwarf planet-te chu hengte hi an ni:

Kan khaikhinna tur kum leh ni hi he kan chenna khawvel kum leh ni a ni. Ni aṭanga a hlat dan indawtin, a hnai bera ṭanin lo ziak ta ila.

No.	Hming	Hlat lam (km)	Awmna (belt)	Diameter	Revolution	Rotation	Thla	Hmuh kum
1.	Ceres	4.137×108	Asteroid	952.4 km	4.6 yr	9.1 hr	-	1801
2.	Pluto	5.874×109	Kuiper	2302 km	247.9 yr	6.39 d	5	1930
3.	Haumea	6.452×109	Kuiper	1436 km	281.9 yr	3.9 hr	2	2003
4.	Makemake	6.850×109	Kuiper	1420 km	305.34 yr	22.5 hr	-	2005
5.	Eris	10.12×109	Kuiper	2326 km	561.4 yr	25.9 hr	1	2003

NI (ARSI)

Ni hi kan Solar System lai taka arsi pakhat a ni a. Khawvel anga leilung sak ang a ni ve lo va, thil tui sa lutuk angin a awm a ni. Planet, dwarf planet, asteroid, kuiper, comet te zawng zawng hian an hel a, he kan chenna khawvel ngei pawh hian a hel a ni.

Ni satzia

Scientist-te chuan, Ni hi – gas zang tak tak chi 2 (Hydrogen 75% leh Helium 23%) leh thil dang inpawlh, alh hluah hluah a ni an ti a, a alh inhlap san lam chu Km nuai 10 te a tling a ni.

• Ni pawnlang sat lam = 5600°C
• Ni chhungril sat lam = 15,700,000°C

vel a nih rin a ni.

Thir hi, 1535°C-ah a tui thei chauh va.  Ni pawn lam pawh chu thir tui theihna let 3.6 chuangin a sa tawh a.  A chhungril phei chu thir tui theihna let sing 1 chuangin a sa a nih chu.

Ni hian second tinin hydrogen ton maktaduaih 4 a kang ral hum hum ang a ni a, mahse, kum maktaduaih 5000 chhung enna la pe chhuak thei tur khawpin gas a la ngah tawk a ni.

Niin tha (energy) a pek chhuah hi 386 billion, billion megawatts vel nia ngaih a ni a. Kum khat chhunga khawvelin tha (energy) kan hman zawng zawng belh khawm ang tluk hi minute 15 chhung lekin a pe chhuak hman a ni. 

Ni lenzia

Ni hi a lian em em a, a chhungah hian khawvel anga lian hi nuai 13 lai a leng a ni.  A lai hawlh tlang len lam chu Km 1,391,940 a ni.  Ni hi, a chungah car-a tlan hual theih ni ta sela, darkar khata Km 100-a chakin, chhun zan zawmin tlan ta ila, ṭum khat tlan hual tur pawhin, kum 5 zet tlan a ngai dawn a ni.

Ni hi a alh ve hluah hluah reng a, a alh inhlap san lam hi Km nuai 10 te a tling a ni.

Ni hlatzia

Ni hi kan khawvel aṭangin Km maktaduai 150 vel (km 149,597,893)-a hla a ni a.  A hlatzawng i hriat thiam nan chuan, heng laia chak tak taka Bike tlan viai viai ṭhin anga chak hian, i pian hlim aṭangin ni lam panin, chhun zan zawmin thlawk chho ta la.  Upa tak, lu ṭuak vek, kum 100 mi i nih pawhin, i kalkawng hmun 3-a ṭhen hmun 1 pawh i la thleng lo vang.  Chuti khawpa hla aṭang chuan ni chu kum tinin vawi 1 i hel chhuak ziah ṭhin a ni.  Hetia i awm mai mai lai hian, chak takin, darkar khata Km 106,000 chuang zeta chakin khawvel hian ni helin a thlawhpui fia fia mai che tihna a nih chu.

Ni eng leh thla eng khaikhinna: Ni hi thla let nuai 4-in a eng zawk a ni.

History

Greek-ho chuan Ni hi 'helios' an ti. Rom-ho chuan 'sol' an ti.

Middle Ages hun thleng khan, ni hian khawvel hi a hel niin an ngai. Kum za bi 16-naah khan Nicholas Copernicus chuan, Khawvel hian Ni khi a hel zawk a ni, a ti. Mahse, ani hi khawvelin ni a hel tih ring hmasa bertu a ni lo a, Greek mi fing Aristarchus chuan a hma kum 2000 dawn laiah khan a lo ring tawh a ni. Copernicus-an Solar System a thlir dan hi kum tam tak chhung, Newton-an laws of motion a hmuh chhuah hma zawng kha chuan hnawl a ni.

Arsi hnai ber:  Kan Nî baka arsi kan hnaih ber chu Proxima Centauri tiin a hming an vuah a, 1915 kum khan an hmu chhuak a.  Khawvel aṭangin light year 4.244 (Km tluklehdingawn 40,000 chuang)-a hla a ni. Arsi hnai dang chu Rigil Kentaurus (Alpha Centauri A leh B) chu kan awmna aṭangin eng kum 4.35-a hlaah an awm. Alpha Centauri A leh B te hi an inhlat lo khawp mai a, kan Khawvel leh Ni inhlatzawng let 23 chauhvin an inhlat a ni; chu chu Ni leh Uranus inkar hlatzawng ang lek deuhthaw a ni.

Arsi dang hre duh tan: astro.wisc.edu, space.com

SOLAR SYSTEM

Solar System chu ni leh a heltu planet pariat leh dwarf planet panga leh anmahni heltu thla te, simeikhu te, lung te leh thil dang ni heltu awm vete sawina a ni a.

Ni leh a heltu planet te leh an helna kawng len lam chu, a laia hawlh tlangin Km tluklehdingawn 13 vel a ni a.

He Solar System hian, a awmna galaxy lairil hel chhuah nan, kum maktaduai 200 a ngai a ni.

GALAXY

 

Galaxy awmzia: Galaxy chu arsi tluklehdingawn tel awm khawm a ni. Galaxy tih hi, Greek thumal hnute tui tih aṭanga lo piang a ni. Galaxy te ber pawhin arsi nuai khat vel a nei a, a lian pawl chuan arsi tluklehdingawn 3000 lai a nei a ni. Hla tak aṭanga thlirin Galaxy tam zawk pianzia chu inzial ang te, bial sawl ang te an ni a, ṭhenkhat erawh chu pianzia dangdai tak te pawh an awm a ni.

Milky Way: Kan awmna galaxy hming chu Milky Way a ni a. Zanah van lam han thlir la, Thlasik Kawng kan tih mai kawlkil hawlhtlanga paw deuh ruih mai i hmu ang a, chu chu arsi leh planet leh thil dang tam tak an ni a, kan awmna galaxy a ni. Kan awmna Milky Way galaxy-ah hian arsi tluklehdingawn 100 aṭanga 200 vel a awm niin an chhut a, chung zinga pakhat chu kan kan Nî hi a ni.

Arsi hlatzawng teh dan: Arsi hlatzawng te, Galaxy lenzawng te teh tur hian va kal kher a ngai lo va, hmun hla taka thil awm len lam hi heta tangin a teh theih mai a, kan khawvel aṭangin an teh mai zel a ni.

Chutianga arsi hlatzawng leh galaxy len lam te teh tur chuan Km leh mel te mai chuan a tam lutuk dawn a, chuvangin, a tehna atan engin kum khat chhunga a thlen thui theih lam hi an hmang ṭhin a, chu chu Light year an ti a ni.

Light year

Eng thlen chak lam (Speed of Light)

Eng hi a kal chak hle a, second khat chhung lek pawhin km nuaih 3 deuhthaw (2,99,792.458 km) a thleng hman a, khawvel hi second khat chhungin vawi 7 chuang zet hel chhuak hman ang a ni.  Eng tluka chakin kal ta vang vang ila, kum khat chhunga kan thlen thui lam chu light year khat an ti a ni. 

A Km zawng chuan, light year 1 chu, Km tluklehdingawn 9,460 (9,460,528,404,879.3588126 Km) chuang a ni.

Eng tluka chakin kal ta ila,

• second 1 chhungin khawvel hi vawi 7.48 chuang kan hel hman ang a,
• thla hi second 1 chuang hretah kan thleng ang a,
• ni hi minute 8 leh second 17-ah kan thleng ang a,
• Pluto thleng tur chuan, darkar 5 leh minute 20 kal a ngai ang a,
• arsi hnai ber thleng turin, kum 4 leh ni 80 kal a ngai ang a,
• mit lawnga Nî kan hmuh phak tawh lohna hmun thleng turin, kum 60 kal a ngai ang a,
• kan awmna galaxy, "Milky Way" an tih-a arsi hla ber thleng turin, kum sing 6 leh sang 2 leh 700 kal a ngai ang a,
• mit lawnga arsi kan hmuh theih zinga hla ber thleng turin, kum nuai 23 leh sang 9 kal a ngai ang a,
• mihringten thil awm kan hriat hlat ber thleng turin, kum tluklehdingawn 15 kal a ngai ang.

Chungte chu, eng tluka chaka kan kal chauhvin a ni.

Kan awmna galaxy, Milky Way an tih len lam chu, a laia hawlh tlangin light year nuai khat a tling a ni. A awmzia chu, kan khawvel awmna galaxy hi, a tawp aṭanga a tawp lehlam thlengin kal tum ta ila, eng tluka chakin thlawk ta ila, kum nuai khat kan kal hunah kan thleng chauh dawn a nih chu.

Quasar: Radio chakna (radio energy) tam tak pe chhuak ṭhin galaxy te hi Quasars tiin an vuah a, galaxy eng ber berte an ni.

Galaxy zinga eng ber: The Large Magellanic Cloud an ti a, khawvel chhim lam aṭang chauhvin a hmuh theih a, a len lam a laia hawlh tlangin light year sing 3 leh sang 9 a ni a, khawvel aṭanga light year nuai 1 leh sing 7-a hlaah a awm a ni.

Galaxy lian ber: Abell 2029 a ni a, a len lam diameter chu light year maktaduai 5 leh nuai 6 a ni a, kan awmna galaxy diameter let 80-in a lian a ni. A hlat lam chu light year maktaduai 1070 a ni.

Galaxy hnai ber, tuna kan awmna galaxy ni si lo chu The Sagittarius Dwarf a ni a, 1994 kumah an hmu chhuak a, khawvel aṭanga a hlat lam chu light year sing 7 a ni.

Mit lawnga hmuh theih galaxy hla ber: Andromeda Galaxy an ti a, light year nuai 23 leh sang 9-a hla a ni a, chu galaxy-ah chuan arsi tluklehdingawn 300 a awm a ni.

Galaxy hla ber: Galaxy an hmuh chhuah tawh zinga hla ber chu, light year tluklehdingawn 15-a hla a ni.

UNIVERSE

 

Universe awmzia: Thil te ber, proton te neutron te, electron te aṭanga thil lian ber ber, kan chenna khawvel te, Solar System te, Galaxy zawng zawng te hi a vai hian van boruak (Universe) chhunga awm an ni a.

An vir vel dan: Thla hian planet an hel a, Planet chuan ni an hel a, ni leh a heltu planet te hi Solar System an tih chu a ni a. Solar System chuan an awmna galaxy lairil an hel a, galaxy te hi an vir tihna a nih chu.

Galaxy tam lam: Arsi chanchin zirmi (Astronomers) te chuan Universe-ah hian Galaxy tluklehdingawn 100 vel awmin an ring a ni.

A zau zel: Tin, galaxy te hi universe chhungril aṭangin a darh zau zawngin, an tawlh theuh va, an inhlat tial tial a ni. ‘Van boruak hi a zau tial tial’ pawh a tih theih ang chu. Amaherawhchu, a zau zel dawn nge, an rawn let khawm leh dawn tih erawh chu mi thiamten an hre lo a ni.

Pathian ropuizia: Nimahsela, mi tumahin van boruak zau lam hi an hre tak tak lo a ni. Hengte hian Pathian ropuizia a tilang chiang hle a ni.

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